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ADRENAL DISORDERS
BLADDER DISORDERS
DA VINCI ROBOT - THEATRE
KIDNEY DISEASES

Paraganglioma in patient with pheochromocytoma

A hormone-secreting tumour that can occur in the adrenal glands. Phaeochromocytomas usually develop in the small glands on top of the kidneys (adrenal glands). They most commonly affect people between the ages of 20 and 50, but can occur at any age. Because of hormones secreted, symptoms include high blood pressure, sweating, rapid heartbeat and headache. Surgery to remove the tumour is usually required.

Paraganglioma in patient with pheochromocytoma

A paraganglioma is a rare tumor that begins in certain nerve cells that are dispersed throughout the body. This tumor can affect people of any age but most often shows up between the ages of 30 and 50. The tumor is often slow growing and noncancerous (benign).

Leiomyosarcoma bladder

Leiomyosarcoma of the bladder is considered a rare but significant clinical etiology, and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality if not treated early. There remains a paucity of literature regarding this highly aggressive tumor with less than 200 cases reported to date.

Bladder cancer on x-ray

This cancer typically affects older adults. It’s usually diagnosed early, when it’s still treatable. It’s likely to recur, so follow-up tests are typically recommended. The most common symptom is blood in the urine. Treatments include surgery, biological therapy and chemotherapy.

Bladder diverticulum

A bladder diverticulum is a pouch in the bladder wall that a person may either be born with (“congenital”) or get later (“acquired”). A congenital bladder diverticulum forms when some of the bladder lining pokes through a weak part in the bladder wall.

Cystitis Cystica

Cystitis cystica is a rare chronic reactive inflammatory disorder thought to be caused by chronic irritation of the urothelium because of infection, calculi, outlet obstruction, or tumor resulting in multiple small filling defects in the bladder wall.

Theater set up - A

Dr MC Conradie set up for theater.

Theater set up - B

Dr MC Conradie set up for theater.

Theater set up - C

The da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system made by the American company Intuitive Surgical. Approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2000, it is designed to facilitate surgery using a minimally invasive approach, and is controlled by a surgeon from a console.

Theater set up - D

Dr MC Conradie set up for theater.

Dr MC Conradie using Da Vinci Robo

Da Vinci Robot - front view

Da Vinci Robot with Dr MC Conradie

Da Vinci Robot Waterfall City Hospital

Da Vinci Robot theater set up

Normal kidney position

The kidneys lie retroperitoneally (behind the peritoneum) in the abdomen, either side of the vertebral column. They typically extend from T12 to L3, although the right kidney is often situated slightly lower due to the presence of the liver. Each kidney is approximately three vertebrae in length.

Crossed fused ectopic kidney

Crossed fused ectopic kidney is an unusual congenital malformation of the urinary tract. This condition is usually identified in the autopsy specimen rather than in general clinical scenario. In this condition, both kidneys are located on one side of the midline and are fused with each other.

PUJ obstruction in right kidney

The renal pelvis is where the urine collects, to then drain down the ureter into the bladder. Sometimes the connection between the renal pelvis and the ureter is too narrow. This is called a pelvic ureteric junction obstruction (PUJ obstruction). PUJ obstruction is quite rare, affecting only 1 in 1500 children.

Cossing vessel at PUJ

Renal hilar vessels

The renal hilum (Latin: hilum renale) or renal pedicle is the hilum of the kidney, that is, its recessed central fissure where its vessels, nerves and ureter pass. The medial border of the kidney is concave in the center and convex toward either extremity; it is directed forward and a little downward.

Renal artery - Right

Renal refers to anything related to the kidneys. Renal arteries carry blood from the heart to the kidneys. They branch directly from the aorta (the main artery coming off the heart) on either side and extend to each kidney. These arteries take a very large volume of blood to the kidneys to be filtered.

Renal artery - Left

Renal arteriogram

A renal arteriogram is a special type of X-ray picture that helps doctors see the blood vessels in your kidneys.

Image Gallery

Paraganglioma in patient with pheochromocytoma

Paraganglioma in patient with pheochromocytoma

Leiomyosarcoma bladder

Bladder cancer on x-ray

Bladder diverticulum

Cystitis Cystica

Theater set up - A

Theater set up - B

Theater set up - C

Theater set up - D

Dr MC Conradie using Da Vinci Robo

Da Vinci Robot - front view

Da Vinci Robot with Dr MC Conradie

Da Vinci Robot Waterfall City Hospital

Da Vinci Robot theater set up

Normal kidney position

Crossed fused ectopic kidney

PUJ obstruction in right kidney

Cossing vessel at PUJ

Renal hilar vessels

Renal artery - Right

Renal artery - Left

Renal arteriogram

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